Ear wax, medically referred to as cerumen, plays a vital role in maintaining ear health. It prevents dust, bacteria, and other particles from entering the ear canal, while also providing essential lubrication. However, a build-up of ear wax can lead to uncomfortable and problematic symptoms if not managed properly. Common issues include:
Hearing Loss
An excess of ear wax can block the ear canal, leading to temporary hearing loss. This is particularly common in cases where the wax becomes compacted due to improper cleaning with cotton swabs or other objects. The blockage prevents sound waves from passing through to the eardrum effectively, causing muffled hearing.
Ear discomfort and pain
A build-up of ear wax may exert pressure on the sensitive walls of the ear canal, leading to pain or discomfort. This is often accompanied by a sensation of fullness in the ear, which can be distracting and disruptive.
Tinnitus
Excess ear wax can cause or worsen tinnitus, which is characterised by a constant ringing, buzzing, or humming sound in the ears. The blockage created by the wax disrupts the way the ear processes sound, exacerbating tinnitus symptoms.
Vertigo or balance issues
Although the cochlea is the most significant part of the ear for maintaining balance, those with significant wax build-up (particularly when one sided) often experience effects of unsteadiness on their feet or even vertigo. This can make even the most basic activities such as walking or even standing up challenging.
Ear infection
If ear wax traps moisture or debris within the ear canal, it creates an ideal environment for bacterial growth. This can lead to ear infections, causing redness, swelling, pain, and in severe cases, discharge from the ear.
While ear wax build-up is common, it’s important not to attempt to remove it with cotton buds or other tools that may push the wax further into the ear. Over-the-counter ear drops can help soften the wax, but persistent symptoms should prompt a visit to a healthcare professional. Safely removing stubborn wax can alleviate discomfort and prevent further complications.
Taking care of your ear health is essential, and addressing ear wax build-up promptly can save you from unnecessary trouble.